Do SpaceX, Anthropic and OpenAI Belong in Your Portfolio? You Might Have No Choice

In case you’ve been living under a rock for the past few months, three of the world’s largest and most consequential private companies—SpaceX, Anthropic and OpenAI—are preparing to go public in the same year. Together, they could add nearly $4 trillion in market cap to public markets.

Without getting too dramatic, the last time something happened on this scale, the internet was still in its infancy.

I want to help you think through what this could really mean—for your retirement account, and for the indexes you probably own without realizing it.

Companies Staying Private for Longer

Some of you may remember a time when the initial public offering (IPO) was how companies funded growth. During the dotcom years, firms got listed early, sometimes before they had meaningful revenue, let alone profits. At the peak in 1995-1996, nearly 700 companies a year went public on U.S. exchanges, according to the IPO Initiative at the University of Florida. The median company was about six or seven years old at the time of its IPO.

That world is gone. Private capital markets have deepened significantly over the past two decades, and venture capital has scaled up. Meanwhile, the regulatory burden on public companies has increased.

Together, these forces have pushed companies toward staying private for longer. Annual IPO counts have fallen sharply from those mid-90s peaks, while the median age of companies the time of listing has roughly doubled, to around 12-14 years.

number of IPOs

Read more: 2026 Mid-Year Outlook: Taxable Fixed Income