Cap-Weighted Equity Indexes are About to Have a Moment

Such coincident losses had not happened in more than fifty years, and it demonstrated how vulnerable a portfolio can be to a secular lift-off of rates and yields.

Over the past year, there has been a partial rebound in a standard portfolio of stocks and bonds, as you can see by the blue line in the chart below on the left. However, the fragile underlying nature of this rebound should give all investors pause.

After a short-lived reprieve in the fourth quarter of 2022 and the first quarter of this year, bond yields began to rise (and bond prices began to fall) again in April – and have continued higher since then. Treasury and investment-grade corporate bonds have given investors a negative total return through the first nine months of this year, which threatens to give bond investors a negative return for three years in a row, absent a recovery by year-end – which would be a historical first.

With negative returns from bonds, the recovery of the standard portfolio through this quarter was fueled exclusively by gains in stocks. Yet it was not all stocks that powered the recovery, or even a majority of stocks: only seven stocks have been responsible for the gains in major equity indexes this year. Outside those Magnificent 7, the rest of the equity market remained stagnant.

Thus, the recovery this year has ridden on the backs of just a small handful of technology companies, companies which now together account for a very large portion of global public equity.

In fact, as shown below, the global equity market is now more concentrated in the hands of the top ten largest stocks than at any other time since the Nifty Fifty bubble in the mid-1970s:

The graphic above, and the one below, are from a recent research note from index provider MSCI, entitled AI’s Moment and Insights from Themes Past.

The main message from the research note was simple: when a handful of stocks come to dominate a large share of global equity indexes, those largest stocks struggle in the years that follow.

This is demonstrated in the graphic below. The darker columns show the weight of the largest 10 stocks at their peak concentration of a global equity market index in prior eras, and the lighter columns show lower weight of those same stocks within the index a decade later:

If you look through the list of companies in the graphic shown above, you’ll see many familiar names. Most of these companies have, in fact, been household names for decades, including General Electric, Exxon, and going all the way back to the 1970s – Sears Roebuck.

The companies listed above achieved a size and resilience that few businesses achieve, and at their peaks their stocks achieved something few stocks achieve – becoming one of the ten largest equities in the world.

Yet while most of those companies remain with us today, the unfortunate reality for investors is that only one-quarter of those managed to beat the rest of the world’s stocks in the decade after they reached the top 10. In other words, amid eras of extreme concentration like we have today, higher returns in subsequent years resulted from avoiding those largest stocks.

One additional aspect bears mentioning: today, the largest top 10 stocks are all U.S.-listed companies.

U.S. market-cap weighted indexes like the S&P 500, the Nasdaq 100, and even the Wilshire 5000 represent a focused exposure to this era of high global market concentration. The Magnificent 7 accounted for an astounding 30.5% of the S&P 500 this past month, up from 21.5% at the end of 2022.

Three eras of peak U.S. concentration in world equity markets are highlighted below, and as you can see, these tend to occur near long-term valuation peaks for the U.S. equity market.

The high concentration in the equity market today means that portfolio allocations which track U.S. and global stocks on a market-cap-weighted basis are about to have a moment of pivotal long-term underperformance.

The good news is there are simple and effective solutions to avoiding the risks associated with an era of high equity market concentration, and we are ready to help.

When you are ready to move forward with a more resilient investment portfolio, visit Getting Started. We would be happy to implement a more resilient, all-weather investment management plan for your portfolio.

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