G7 central bank rate cuts

• Taking a sampling of 25 of the largest central banks in the world, last week we crossed a threshold of over half of the central banks in the group easing.
• Last week also marked the first rates cuts by the G7, with both the Bank of Canada and the European Central Bank cutting rates. Significant comments from the BoC and ECB indicating tone surrounding rate cuts included:

Bank of Canada

• “continued downward momentum” expected for BoC “no longer needs to be restrictive”
• “increased our confidence that inflation will continue to move towards the 2% target.”

European Central Bank

• “While still elevated, we are seeing those wages on a declining path
• If it (the neutral rate) has increased compared to where it was before Covid, we also know that we are far away from a neutral rate now. By moving from 4% to 3.75%, we are not close to the neutral We still have a way to go.“
• Overall viewed as a “hawkish cut”, with no future commitments, and many references to data dependency

Global Election News

• Americans captivated by their own bizarre election dynamics, pitting what opposing parties are portraying as a showdown between a convicted felon and senile octogenarian got a taste of the types of market volatility that can be associated with an election surprise.
• For our part, Focus Point’s largest concern is that the election in the US later this year will be contested by the In a best case this represents a delay and recounts, as the markets wring their hands, and in a worst case, it could represent a replay of the theatrics of January 6th with wider scale violence.

Mexico

Sheimbaum’s win was widely expected, what was not was the landslide victory of her party in other parts of the government, that could create a less business friendly political environment.

India

Modi win was also widely expected, but the opposite of Mexico, his ruling coalition’s power was surprisingly diminished, potentially limiting power for his unprecedented third term.

OPEC+ backing away from cuts

• Eight OPEC+ nations agreed last week to begin reducing production cuts of 2 million barrels of oil a day starting in October. The increases in production would be phased in, with 500,000 barrels per day by the end of 2024.

• Since the peak of oil and gasoline prices in April the AAA Average National Gasoline Price has fallen relatively less than oil or wholesale gasoline futures, suggesting further potential downside at the pump which is good news for CPI.

Fed rate cut speculation whipsaw

• At the peak of optimism about Fed rate cuts in 2024 on January 12th, the Bloomberg Model for Rate Cut Expectations calculated there were 6.7 rate cuts factored in for 2024.
• At the peak of pessimism about Fed rate cuts in 2024 on April 30th, the Bloomberg Model for rate Cut Expectations calculated there were 1.1 rates cuts factored in for 2024.
• Between Jan 12 and Jun 7, the S&P500 rose from 4784 to 5347, an increase of 8%, while the 10-yr Treasury yield moved from 3.94 to 4.45. The big picture is, rates are significantly higher, equities are significantly higher, and rate cut expectations have fallen.
• This tells us something else is at play driving markets higher. That something is earnings. The Price-to-Earnings on the S&P500 has fallen in this same window has gone from 22.2x to 22.1x. Meaning, as the S&P500 has gone higher in price it has become less expensive on a valuation basis.

SPECIAL TOPIC: Labor Markets

• Trends in labor markets have been Out of the 24 data sets we measure to evaluate the health of the labor markets, 8 are now improving, 4 are neutral and 12 are deteriorating, which is a steady improvement over the last three months.
• Key take-aways from the data include:
  • Part-Time Workers for Economic Reason has been rising along with Nonfarm Payrolls, indicating there may be a double counting driving the increase in Nonfarm Payrolls because part-time workers could be counted twice.
  • The steady increase in the Diffusion Index of Nonfarm Payrolls along with rising Labor Force Participation for Prime Age, are trends indicating strength in the labor force.
  • There has been a recent uptick in hiring plans of small businesses, while at the same time the same group surveyed indicates job openings are hard to fill.
  • Survey data from JOLTS report, in particular, has been weak.
  • There have been a lot of questions raised in the last week about the possible adjustments to Nonfarm Payrolls once the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW) is completed in August, with expectations for large revisions lower.

Pulling it it all together

• Global central banks last week confirmed the direction of rates: They didn’t do much to confirm the pace of movement.
• Real rates have been over 2% for over a year. Historically real rates at this level has been associated with overly restrictive monetary policy which eventually causes excessive strain in the system. As inflation comes down the Fed, along with other global central banks, would like to reduce rates because if they don’t, falling inflation will cause real rates to move even higher causing policy to become more restrictive, which is not what they are trying to accomplish at this point in the game.
• Another key take-away from last week is that elections can be major sources of With three options for an election in the US being, a Biden victory, a Trump victory, or a contested election, the markets have not yet begun to price in the third of these scenarios, which may be the most likely.
• Markets have been fighting a wall of worry in 2024, with equities rising as expectations for rate cuts have been Equities have been able to sustain momentum because earnings have carried the day, and despite being nearly 500 points higher than it was in January, the S&P500 is now trading at a lower valuation because earnings have risen.
• We continue to lean bullish from the neutral until we see a confirmed deterioration in the employment market that starts to erode expectations for consumption and earnings growth.
• We are less optimistic that the pace of gains we saw in the first half of the year will continue because consensus expectations have moved significantly higher since the beginning of the year, so there is a much higher bar for earnings or GDP to This is not necessarily negative but points to a more tempered pace of equity appreciation that is prone for bouts of disappointment.

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